Author Archives: jonafras

vingal- (transitive verb), imperfective vingalatam: to consider, think about, keep something in mind. nará vingal-ettám linámbal ndácang already think.about-IMPERF.NON1.TRANS harvest.ACC summer.EL “he is already thinking about the harvest in the spring”

lácarn (noun): monster, fiend; dragon. ngassú allándut ráca issáyat capándám lácarn-al sindemec again hero.DEF come.PERF from fight.COMPL.TRANS monster-ACC east-INESS “the hero returned from fighting monsters in the East”

yangar- (intransitive verb), imperfective yangarac: to hang, be hanging. ras tund yangar-is nu-missandettárut MIR corpse hang-IMPERF.NON1 that-tree.ILL.DEF “a body is hanging from that tree”

nerú (noun): mare. ca-varándut tendápam nerú-macúmbal my-father.DEF buy.PERF.TRANS mare-lame.ACC “my father bought a lame mare” nerú is one of the few nouns in High Eolic borrowed from Vitrian, from ñorói ‘mare’. Interestingly, the ultimate source of the word is the … Continue reading →

asseng (noun): soft, mushy, liquid, melted. cellat callingut civa asseng-es arnúsúnin now snow.DEF become.COMPL melted-ESS mountain.SUPERESS “the snow in the mountains has melted [by] now”

racand- (transitive verb), imperfective racandacam: to raise, free, set something free. manúcá racand-erc rándurvem prisoner.PL set.free-PASS king.GEN.DEF “the prisoners were freed by the king” The verb racandacam is also often used in its middle form (with zero valence marking), with … Continue reading →

yallim (noun): lamb, lamb meat. carná máca náraravam yallimb-ur in.the.evening they eat.ITER.TRANS lamb-GEN “they eat lamb [every] evening”

cúya (noun): owner (of). Also frequently occurs as a prefix cu-. ndaraver cúya-vem lapá púsatan duty.SOC owner-DEF go.PERF horse.ANTESS “the owner [of this horse] must take it away” In its contracted form as a prefix, cu- is a frequent component … Continue reading →

talarcá- (transitive verb), imperfective talarcáram: to fix, embellish, renovate. len talarcá-ndám párundalut essácúrcevemec we renovate-COMPL.TRANS house.ACC.DEF next.year.INESS “we will finish renovating the house next year”

lasina (noun): school, academy; classroom. Vitrá lepangendám lasina-rattásalut velár Vitrian.PL destroy.COMPL.TRANS academy-warrior.ACC.DEF fire.GEN “the Vitrians burned the military academy [to the ground]” Listen to the example sentence here: W_HE_082_lasina_example lasina is borrowed from Trevecian layhêna ‘hall’, reflecting the Trevecian-Oleric connotations … Continue reading →