timaÃÂ (adjective): new, newly acquired.
marcham-ewà timaÃ-s in gewdhon
dragging-horse.ACC new-FEM I buy.PERF.PAUS
“I bought a new horse [for] hauling”
Listen to the example sentence here: W_TR_013_timai_example
The adjective timaà has a slightly different nuance of meaning compared to the adjective pilaÃ, which can also be translated as ‘new’, but more in the sense of ‘newly occurring or growing’, or ‘fresh’ (as opposed to ‘newly bought or acquired’).
yerchon (noun): admired, worthy of admiration.
yöser in-yoter yerchon-eà sanäli derwono aler am
can my-home.ADV admired-PL place.ACC find.PERF.PAUS always when
“there is always a place in my home for those worthy of admiration”
epörseon (imperfective verb): to adorn, decorate oneself.
senyer möcher in-terwach epörs-eya ro-thenayer chanem
nicely PERF my-uncle adorn-3.FEM.SING.NONPAUS his-wedding.ADV also
“my uncle adorned himself nicely for his wedding”
epörseon belongs to a sub-class of Trurian verbs that are inherently reflexive (and thus do not need to use gönre or mawch as ‘dummy objects’). Most of these verbs have the (unproductive) prefix e-, which includes reflexivity as one of its possible implications. Often, it can also appear to be completive, causative, or inchoative.
thawayer (adverb): stopping (something).
thawayer wecher etinar roth näyalmon
stopping during ABL.night he NEG.wake.up.PERF.PAUS
“he did not stop waking up during the night”
Listen to the example sentence here: W_TR_010_thawayer_example
Note that the adverb thawayer is normally only used with perfective verbs. To indicate stopping or completion of an action with imperfective verbs (including habitual actions), the adverb thar is preferred.
deyrim (noun): floor, bottom (of).
alwer e-deyrim nari
river.ADV ABL-bottom bone.PL
“there are bones at the bottom of the river”
zarono (perfective verb): to curse (something).
ilnöser athirwa rothà zaron
with.disgust prisoner he.ACC curse-PERF.PAUS
“the prisoner cursed him with disgust”
gönre (noun): person, individual; face.
alwer nedhá ne-gönr-a yuluchon
river.ADV they.FEM their-person-ACC.PL wash.PERF.PAUS
“they washed themselves in the river”
Listen to the example sentence here: W_TR_007_goenre_example
In addition to its basic meaning, gönre is also used standardly to form reflexive constructions, as the object of the verb to be made reflexive, with a possessive suffix referring to the relevant agent (as in the example above). The noun mawch ‘body’ is used similarly, but often implying that the head or face is not directly involved in the reflexive action.
nandhono (perfective verb): to be silent, to be quiet.
machà nä-nandhon
they.OBV NEG-keep.quiet.PAUS
“they could not keep quiet”
tärnich (noun): snow, snowfall.
finicher un egör tärnich
yesterday and ABL.morning snowfall
“it was snowing yesterday morning”
The noun tärnich contrasts clearly with the noun gö, which means ‘snow on the ground’, as opposed to snowfall as a weather phenomenon.
gö (noun): snow (fallen or lying on the ground)
finicher er-melther gö
yesterday this-path.ADV snow
“there was snow on this path yesterday”
Listen to the example sentence here: W_TR_004_goe_example
The noun gö (from which the adjective göraà ‘snowy, snowed upon’ is also derived) is clearly contrasted with tärnich, which means ‘snowfall’, i.e. ‘snow in the process of falling’, as opposed to snow that is already lying on the ground.
