Tag Archives: 2011

nírat (adverb), also niyír: very well, splendid, excellent, best. nírat carlavut rissángacam mullatal excellent mother.DEF bake.ITER.TRANS bread.ACC “[my] mother bakes excellent bread” (= bakes bread very well) Note that nírat only occurs in the adverbial sense of ‘excellent’. The noun … Continue reading →

aveng (noun): wheat; ear of grain; bunch (of hair) ta aveng ngúya tálendes nandec cúmaremec NEG wheat COP.IMPERF sufficient.ESS all.BEN valley.INESS “there is not enough wheat for everyone in the [Central] Valley”

cangára- (transitive verb), imperfective cangáracam: to renovate, rebuild, make again. essát cangára-p lanúcatrecácut crándisemecut later rebuild.MID-PERF wall.city.BEN.DEF war.INESS.DEF “the walls of the city were rebuilt after the war”

nartá- (intransitive verb), imperfective nartác: to lie, lie around. tayat carná lusúrut nartá-ngac early in.the.evening grandfather.DEF lie-ITER “[my] grandfather lies [down] early [every] evening” The verb nartác also has a transitive counterpart, nartácam, meaning ‘to lie on’ or ‘to sleep … Continue reading →

cellú (noun): teacher, instructor. yat ca-cellú-vándecut ngúya ceretirces then my-teacher-letter.BEN.DEF COP.IMPERF very.old.ESS “my writing teacher was very old”

cundec (adverb): at home, in one’s homeland. carandur-tutú cuttús Vitrevis cundec lake.GEN-many exist.IMPERF.NON1 Vitrian-SUBL in.homeland “there are a lot of lakes in the Vitrian homelands” (literally “a lot of lakes exist among the Vitrians in [their] homelands”)

vingal- (transitive verb), imperfective vingalatam: to consider, think about, keep something in mind. nará vingal-ettám linámbal ndácang already think.about-IMPERF.NON1.TRANS harvest.ACC summer.EL “he is already thinking about the harvest in the spring”

lácarn (noun): monster, fiend; dragon. ngassú allándut ráca issáyat capándám lácarn-al sindemec again hero.DEF come.PERF from fight.COMPL.TRANS monster-ACC east-INESS “the hero returned from fighting monsters in the East”

yangar- (intransitive verb), imperfective yangarac: to hang, be hanging. ras tund yangar-is nu-missandettárut MIR corpse hang-IMPERF.NON1 that-tree.ILL.DEF “a body is hanging from that tree”

nerú (noun): mare. ca-varándut tendápam nerú-macúmbal my-father.DEF buy.PERF.TRANS mare-lame.ACC “my father bought a lame mare” nerú is one of the few nouns in High Eolic borrowed from Vitrian, from ñorói ‘mare’. Interestingly, the ultimate source of the word is the … Continue reading →